Venesaar U., Antonelli G., Dorozynski T., Duarte H., Kallaste M., Riviezzo A., Räisänen M., & Santos S. (2023) “Entrepreneurship competence among students and employees: a comparative study in five European countries”  in Matthews C.H, Santos S. (Eds), Annals of Entrepreneurship Education and Pedagogy – 2023.  Edward Elgar Publishing. ISBN 9781803926186 (cased)/ ISBN 9781803926193 (eBook).

https://www.elgaronline.com/edcollchap/book/9781803926193/book-part-9781803926193-15.xml

This study focuses on the relationship between education and learning; the formation of human capital, and entrepreneurship competence. Building on human capital theory, the self-assessment of entrepreneurship competencies is compared among employees of small and medium companies and students in five universities in different European countries: Estonia, Finland, Italy, Poland, and Portugal. Data were collected with the self-assessment tool based on the Estonian entrepreneurship competence model. The total sample includes 1107 university students and 748 employees. Results were compared at the country level and interesting patterns emerged. The gap in competencies identified between students and employees can be taken as a basis for developing study programmes for students and supporting the development of employees’ competencies in their workplaces. This study contributes to the European strategy to enhance employability and decrease the gap between different countries in entrepreneurship competence at the country level.